Ingredients to Avoid
a reference guide to goodness
Aluminum Zirconium and Other Aluminum Compounds
Find it in: Antiperspirant and cosmetic astringent.
Health Concern: Skin irritant; potential link to breast cancer; strong evidence of human neurotoxicity; respiratory and developmental toxin. Banned by EU.
Used as: Used to control sweat.
Also seen as: Aluminum Chloride, aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum hydroxybromide.
Benzalkonium Chloride and Benezethonium Chloride
Find it in: Moisturizers, sunscreens, facial cleansers and acne treatments
Used as: Antimicrobial agent; Deodorant; Preservative; Cosmetic biocide; Surfactant.
Benzyl Acetate
Find it in: Many cosmetics and personal care products.
Health Concern: Linked to pancreatic cancer; easily absorbs into skin causing quick systemic effects; animal studies show hyperemia of the lungs; possible gastrointestinal, liver, and respiratory toxicant; possible neurotoxin.
Used as: Solvent; often hidden within “fragrance”.
Bronopol
Find it in: Many cosmetics and personal care products.
Health concerns: Immune system, lung and skin toxicant; animal studies show endocrine disruption and gastrointestinal, brain and nervous system effects. Restricted in Canada.
Used as: Preservative.
Butylated Hydroxtoluene (BHT)
Find it in: Many cosmetics and personal care products.
Used as: Anti-oxidant; slows down the rate at which product ingredients change in color; Fragrance ingredient.
Butylated Hyrdoxyanisole (BHA)
Find it in: Cosmetics and moisturizers
Health concerns: Known human immune system toxicant; strong evidence of human endocrine disruptor, based on evidence of carcinogenicity in animal studies it is anticipated to be a human carcinogen.
Used as: Antioxidant; Fragrance ingredient.
Coal Tar
Find it in: Shampoos, hair dyes, hair treatments and cosmetics.
Health concerns: Known human carcinogen; skin and respiratory toxicant. Banned by Canada and EU.
Used as: Anti-dandruff agent; Cosmetic biocide; Denaturant.
Cocomide DEA/Lauramide DEA
Find it in: Hair care, body and hand washes.
Health concerns: Human immune system toxicant; forms carcinogenic nitrosamine compounds if mixed with nitrosating agents; animal studies show sense organ effects and skin irritation; many contain harmful impurities.
Used as: Surfactant; foam booster; emulsifying agent.
Diethanolamine (DEA)
Find it in: Sunscreens, moisturizer foundations and hair colors.
Health concerns: Probable skin and immune system toxicant; possible carcinogen; skin irritant; animal studies show endocrine disruption and neuro developmental; brain and nervous system effects; may trigger asthma.
Used as: PH adjuster; Skin softener; Humectant.
Ethoxylated Ingredients
Find it in: Cosmetics, personal and hair care products.
Health concerns: Animal studies show brain, nervous system and sense organ effects; irritant; reproductive and skin toxin, alters skin structure, allowing other chemicals to penetrate deep into the skin and increasing the amounts of other chemicals that reach the bloodstream; may contain harmful impurities. Trace contaminants in some ethoxylates have been implicated as potential carcinogens.
Used as: Surfactant; Emulsifying or cleansing agent; Penetration enhancer.
Also seen on labels as: Laureth, Myreth, Ceteth, Ceteareth, Glycereth, etc
Ethyl Acetate
Find it in: Nail polish treatment products, perfume.
Health concerns: Probable neurotoxin; possible nervous system toxin; possible carcinogen; irritant; highly flammable.
Used as: Solvent; Fragrance ingredient; Perfume.
Formaldehyde
Find it in: Deodorants, nail polish and treatments, soap, shampoos and shaving creams.
Health concerns: Immune system, hematological, and skin toxicant; known carcinogen and possible cardiovascular toxicant; can damage DNA; may trigger asthma; animal studies show sense organ, brain, and nervous system effects; possible human development toxicant. Restricted in Canada and EU.
Used as: Cosmetic biocide; Denaturant; Preservative.
Also seen as: Cormalin, Formic aldehyde, Methanol, Methyl aldehyde.
Formaldehyde – releasing preservative
Find it in: Many cosmetics and personal care products.
Health concerns: Forms nitrosamines when in the presence of amines such as MEA, DEA and TEA; probable immune system, blood, cardiovascular and skin toxicant..
Used as: Anti-microbial preservative.
Also seen on labels as: Quaternium-15, DMDM Hydantoin, Diazolidinyl Urea and Imidazolidinyl Urea, DEA, MEA, TEA
Fragrance
Find it in: Many cosmetics, personal and hair care products.
Health concerns: Immune system toxicant; possible neurotoxin; can contain between 10 and 300 different chemicals, many of which have never been tested for safety; see phthalates. Fragrance mixes have been associated with allergies, dermatitis; respiratory destruction.
Used as: Deodorant; Masking; Perfuming.
Also seen on labels as: Parfum
Hydroquinone
Find it in: Skin fading/lighteners, anti-aging creams, sunscreens.
Health concerns: Immune system and respiratory toxicant; probable neurotoxin; possible carcinogen; irritant; animal studies show endocrine disruption. Restricted in Canada.
Used as: Antioxidant; Fragrance ingredient; Skin-bleaching agent; Hair colorant.
Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamate
Find it in: Many cosmetics and personal care products
Health concerns: Human toxicant; possible liver immune system toxin; allergenic. Restricted in Japan.
Used as: Preservative
Lead and Lead Compounds
Find it in: Hair dye and Hair products. Traces found in some red lipstick
Health concerns: Probable carcinogen; developmental, respiratory, gastrointestinal and reproductive toxicant; reduced fertility; animal effects; suspected nano-scale ingredients with potential to absorb into the skin; Banned in Canada and EU.
Used as: Colorant
Also listed as: Thimerosal, but usually not listed as it’s a contaminant.
Methylisothiazolinone (MI/MCI) and Methylchloroisothaizolinone
Find it in: many cosmetics and personal care products, shampoos and hand creams and widely used in industrial settings
Health concerns: immune system toxicant; animal studies show restricted growth of the axons and dendrites of immature nerves, neurotoxicity and positive mutation results; can lead to a malUsed as in the way neurons communicate with each other; especially detrimental to a developing nervous system, prolonged exposure to low levels of methylisothiazolinone (MIT) may have potentially damaging consequences to a developing nervous system
Used as: preservatives, antimicrobial agent, it inhibits the development of particular neuron structures that are essential for transmitting signals between cells.
P-Phenylenediamine
Find it in: Hair care products.
Health concerns: Immune system and respiratory toxicant; probable neurotoxin; eczema; possible nervous system, skin, kidney and liver toxicant; irritant; may trigger asthma and gastritis; shown to cause cancer in animal studies. Restricted in Canada.
Used as: Hair colorant.
Parabens
Find it in: Many cosmetics, personal care and hair care products.
Health concerns: May alter hormone levels, possibly increasing risk for certain types of cancer, impaired fertility, or alteration of the development of a fetus or young child; studies have found parabens in breast tumors; probable skin toxicant; animal studies show brain and nervous system effects
Used as: Preservatives; Anti-bacterial agent; Fragrance ingredient.
Also known as: Methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl

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